SIPRI Yearbook 2026: India’s Nuclear
Arsenal and Strategic Deterrence

GS Paper: GS-III (Internal Security) | Prelims | Essay
Date: 10 June 2026
Category: Internal Security | International Relations | Defence
Keywords: SIPRI Yearbook 2026, Nuclear Doctrine, Nuclear Triad, Credible Minimum
Deterrence, No First Use, Strategic Stability
Why in News?
The SIPRI Yearbook 2026 estimates India’s nuclear stockpile at approximately 190 warheads. The
report highlights increasing modernization efforts among nuclear powers and growing concerns
regarding global strategic stability.
Background
The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is a globally recognized institution
that tracks military expenditure, arms transfers, and nuclear arsenals. Its annual report is widely
referenced by governments, policymakers, and strategic analysts.
India follows a policy of Credible Minimum Deterrence and No First Use while maintaining a
Nuclear Triad capability.
Key Developments

• India’s estimated arsenal stands at around 190 warheads.
• Continued modernization of delivery systems.
• Strengthening of sea-based deterrence capabilities.
• Growing concerns regarding nuclear competition among major powers.
• Why Does It Matter for India?
  India’s strategic environment is influenced by both China and Pakistan. A credible nuclear deterrent
  is viewed as essential for maintaining strategic stability and preventing coercion.
  Administrative Perspective
  National security today requires effective coordination between defence institutions, intelligence
  agencies, diplomatic channels, and technological innovation.
  Prelims Fact Box
• SIPRI is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden.
• Established in 1966.
• India follows a No First Use policy.
• Nuclear Triad consists of land, air, and sea-based delivery systems.
  UPSC Mains Practice Question
  Discuss the significance of India’s Nuclear Doctrine in maintaining strategic stability in South Asia.